Menopause: Understanding the Change

Dr Huma Sheikh

What is Menopause?

Menopause is a natural phase when a woman’s periods stop permanently due to hormonal changes. It usually happens between ages 45–55.

Common Symptoms

Hot Flashes 

Sudden feeling of heat, sweating, or flushing.

Sleep Disturbances 

Difficulty falling or staying asleep, often due to night sweats.

Mood Changes 

Irritability, anxiety, mood swings, or low mood.

Stages of Menopause

Perimenopause 

Periods become irregular as hormones start fluctuating.

Menopause 

12 months without a period; average age around 51.

Postmenopause 

The phase after menopause when symptoms may reduce.

Hormone Replacement Therapy (HRT)

HRT helps reduce hot flashes, mood changes, and bone loss, but must be used after medical advice.

Non-Hormonal Treatment Options

Lifestyle Changes 

Exercise 

Improves mood, bone health, weight control, and energy.

Healthy Eating 

Eat: fruits, vegetables, whole grains, lean proteins.
Avoid: sugary foods, junk food, processed snacks.

Herbal Remedies 

Some herbs like black cohosh or soy products may help.

Stress Management 

Support Groups 

Sharing with others provides emotional comfort.

Open Communication 

Discuss feelings with family or friends.

Self-Care 

Take time for rest and activities you enjoy.

Mindfulness & Meditation 

Helps reduce anxiety and improves emotional control.

A Positive Outlook on Menopause

Menopause is a natural transition — with support and healthy habits, women can navigate it confidently.